Water Recycling, Desalination, and OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) :: Water Conservation

There are many technological solutions that could potentially befriend to alleviate the current weewee shortage on Oahu. For the purpose of this paper, our base has chosen to discuss what we believe to be the top three almost feasible technological solutions. In order of current usability they are1.      irrigate recycle2.     Desalination3.     OTEC (Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion) piddle Recycling     Water recycle here on Oahu is an important part of ensuring a sustainable pissing supply for future generations. Through the natural weewee cycle, the ground has recycled and reused wet for millions of years. Water recycling generally refers to projects that use technology to stacknonball along up these natural processes. Recycled piddle can reduce much of Oahus aquifer pissing demands, as long as it is adequately treated to take care water quality appropriate for the use.   &nbs p The recycling of water has many benefits. The principal(prenominal) benefit is that by recycling water, we are saving ground water for other uses. Another benefit is that recycled water is safe and has been used for oer 40 years, with no negative human or environmental position effects (HWRF). Because the amount of precipitation on Oahu changes varies, sometimes the island goes through drought. With water recycling, the amount of junior-grade effluent available for recycling is always greater than the demand of it, therefore making it virtually drought proof. Also, recycled water can be produced at a price that is cost-effective, when compared with other methods.     Water recycling facilities on Oahu have been in place since 2000 (HBWS). The Honouliuli Water Recycling mental quickness in Eva, is the largest recycling plant on Oahu. The plant was built nigh to the City and County of Honolulus waster water treatment plant, which provides the recycling p lant with secondary effluent as the base for the recycling process. Currently, the preparedness has the production capacity of 12 million gallons per day and produces two grades of recycled water. R-1 water is used for irrigational uses and Reverse Osmosis (RO) for industrial uses.     The facility is before long capable of producing up to 10 mgd of R-1 water, which is the highest level of treatment as designated by the Hawaii DOH. R-1 water is used throughout the state of Hawaii for golf course irrigation, landscaping, and agriculture. The RO water is used for industrial uses such as boiler feed water for producing high-grade steam, cooling tower water, and process water for refineries. The facility currently has an RO capacity of 2 mgd. Both types of recycled water begin with the same secondary treated effluent from the Honouliuli WWTP.